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Crypto and Blockchain Venture Capital Q1 2021

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Q1 2021 saw a record advance for bitcoin and other digital assets. The money flowing into venture-backed startups in the space also hit all-time highs, even as the total number of deals remained below its Q1 2018 peak. The data shows a maturation of the private markets, with more money flowing to later stage companies in absolute terms and as a share of capital invested than any prior quarter, while investment in pre-seed companies has consistently declined since it peaked in Q1 2018.


As the price of Bitcoin soared to new all-time highs in Q1 2021, so did the amount of capital invested by venture investors in the cryptocurrency ecosystem. Historically, we have seen venture capital lag the bitcoin price slightly—both in 2017-2018 and in 2019—but that trend appears to have dissipated in the last four quarters.

total vc invested and bitcoin price v2
companies

Capital Invested by Deal Stage

Until very recently, the vast majority of capital invested in the cryptocurrency and blockchain ecosystem went to early-stage startups. Capital invested in pre-seed, seed, and early-stage deals peaked in 2018. In Q4 2020, capital invested in early and later stage deals reached parity, and in Q1 2021 most venture capital went to later stage companies for the first time.

capital invested and share of stage

Deal Count by Deal Stage

Along with capital invested, the number of later stage deals in the cryptocurrency/blockchain ecosystem reached a quarterly all-time high at 29 in Q1, surpassing the prior all-time high of 26 in Q3 2020. While the number of early-stage deals has been rising since the COVID-19 bottom in Q2 2020, it has remained in a range of 75-142 since Q4 2018. The real story over the last few years is the decline in pre-seed deals, which have persistently reduced since reaching highs in Q1 2018. In Q4 2020, the number of pre-seed deals was lower than any quarter since before 2016. The decline in pre-seed deals appears to show a slowing of new entrants into the ecosystem.

deal count and share of preseed

The decline could be cyclical—if so, we will see an increase as the current bull market progresses as we did in 2017-2018. It is also possible that the unmet needs of the crypto ecosystem as it exists today have been largely met by the most recent wave of startups, leaving little room for new entrants. Alternatively, we must acknowledge rise of revenue-generating decentralized finance protocols with value accretive tokens. These new decentralized “businesses” may be attracting the newest wave of entrepreneurs and, crucially, data about their fundraises is mostly not included in the Pitchbook dataset upon which this report primarily relies.

Crypto Venture Deal Valuations

We can also see the maturation of the startup ecosystem when we look at median deal size and valuation. Both metrics spiked noticeably in Q1 2021 to all-time highs. Apart from Q1 2020, round sizes and valuations have consistently increased since Q1 2019. Median pre-money valuations in Q1 2021 were up 3.4x YoY from Q1 2020.

median deal size and valuation

A quick comparison of crypto deal valuations and bitcoin’s price shows some correlation.

median valuation and bitcoin price 2

Comparing Crypto VC to the Broader VC Market

Crypto deal valuations have also mostly tracked the broader market, albeit a bit lower, until Q1 2020. Since Q1 2020, valuations in crypto have equaled or exceeded the broader market, enormously so in the last quarter, despite median deal sizes matching the rest of the market. In Q1 2021, deal valuations in the crypto sector exceeded the broader VC market by 34%.

median deal size and valuation 2

That crypto industry valuations have exceeded the broader VC market despite comparable median deal sizes perhaps shows what VC investors know anecdotally: that there is elevated competition for allocation to the sector. Investors find themselves jockeying for position as increased demand, relatively low deal count, and a maturing crypto startup ecosystem all contribute to a founder friendly environment.

Key Takeaways

Crypto startups are maturing. For years there have been large companies operating in the cryptocurrency markets and ecosystem, but until recently only the exchanges were big players. Exchanges are still the most valuable companies in the space today, but we also see highly valuable companies operating the lending, custody, brokerage, market making, asset management, compliance, tax, gaming, and settlement verticals. Mature companies have begun raising significant growth capital, skewing the share of capital raised by later stage companies to all-time highs. The growth of business models beyond pure exchange shows the maturation of crypto market infrastructure, which in turn has allowed for the entrance of more sophisticated institutional investors in digital assets.

Crypto VC valuations are outpacing the broader private markets. In Q1 2021 the median valuation of venture deals in the cryptocurrency and blockchain ecosystem soared well past the broader VC market. While median deal valuation in the industry has tracked the broader private markets historically, crypto deal valuations exceeded the broader industry by 34% in Q1. That crypto valuations outpaced the market while median deal sizes remained consistent between crypto and non-crypto VC indicates significant competition by venture investors for allocation to crypto companies.

Crypto VC is cyclical. Broadly, bull markets in digital assets bring new entrepreneurs, with the last big influx of new entrepreneurial talent beginning a quarter after the prior Bitcoin market top in Q4 2017. Companies founded in that era that have been successful are now integral parts of the crypto markets and many are now raising significant capital at high valuations. At the same time, the decline in pre-seed deals indicates a lack of new entrepreneurial entrants in the space. Consequently, last quarter a majority of the capital invested in startups went to later stage companies for the first time ever. It is likely that the current bull market will bring a new wave of entrepreneurs and new startups, but the data shows it has not yet occurred at scale. Where in this cycle that influx occurs, or whether it occurs at all, remains to be seen.